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Carpentry Pro Framer

Building Wooden French Doors

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by

Taylor Balthazar
in

Material Selection

Choosing the right material for wooden French doors involves considering durability and aesthetics. Sapele excels for outdoor use, resisting rot and insects. White Pine suits indoor use or areas with mild weather, offering easy workability and a cozy feel. Consider reclaimed wood for a sustainable, vintage option. Thickness matters too. A standard thickness is about 1.75 inches for most applications, but taller doors may require more. Getting this wrong could result in doors that warp over time. Examine wood grain and color to match your desired style:
  • Tight grain provides a sleek look
  • Pronounced grains showcase rustic charm
Finally, measure and plan before purchasing. It's easy to get carried away, but planning saves money and avoids excess materials.
Various wood samples for French door construction, including Sapele and White Pine

Joinery Techniques

Joinery is crucial for ensuring your French doors are sturdy and long-lasting. Let's explore some options:

Mortise and Tenon Joinery

A classic technique where the tenon (a peg) fits into the mortise hole, creating a strong union. It's ideal for those who appreciate tradition, but crafting these joints by hand requires patience and skill.

Festool Domino

For a modern approach, consider the Festool Domino. This tool creates slots for pre-made floating tenons, offering speed and accuracy without compromising joint strength.
Whichever method you choose, achieving snug joints is crucial. Always test-fit your joints before gluing to allow for adjustments. Remember, a good joint combines beauty and strength, keeping your French doors looking elegant while withstanding daily use.
Carpenter creating a mortise and tenon joint for a French door frame

Glass Installation

  1. Start by routing grooves to securely seat each glass panel. Use a router with a rabbeting bit to create precise channels, about 1/2 inch deep.
  2. Leave about 1/8 inch space around each panel to accommodate wood movement. This prevents glass breakage due to seasonal changes.
  3. After routing, test the fit carefully.
  4. If everything fits well, secure the glass with adhesive in each corner, or use pin nails and add a decorative mullion if desired.
  5. Finally, apply clear glass caulking around the edges to weatherproof the pane and prevent drafts.
Remember: Wear safety gear and work slowly to ensure smooth edges when routing.
Close-up of glass being installed in a wooden French door frame

Finishing Touches

Start with thorough sanding, progressing from coarse to fine grits for a smooth surface. Next, apply primer suitable for your wood type and environment.

Choose a paint finish that complements your home's style. Apply multiple thin layers, allowing each to dry fully. Consider a UV-protective or moisture-resistant finish for exposed areas.

Add hardware like hinges, handles, and locks that match your doors' style. Choose pieces that blend function with aesthetics, whether it's antique brass, stainless steel, or rustic iron.

"There has been an increased focus on maximizing glass and integrating indoor and outdoor experiences, placing patio door selection at the top of important design decisions," says Reese Freeman, president and construction manager of Steamboat Springs Construction Co.

These final touches transform your French doors into a stunning entryway that combines functionality with style.

Applying finish to a newly constructed wooden French door

Installation

  1. Begin by ensuring the door opening is level and square. Inspect the door jamb and fix any gaps or misalignments with shims.
  2. Position the doors within the frame, ensuring equal spacing. Attach the hinges one at a time, using a level to ensure vertical accuracy.
  3. Install handles at a comfortable height, typically waist-level, and center them for a balanced look.
  4. Carefully drill holes for locks and handles, as these are crucial for both function and first impressions.
  5. After installation, test the doors thoroughly. They should open, close, lock, and unlock smoothly. Make any necessary adjustments to ensure perfect operation.

With careful installation, your French doors will showcase your craftsmanship and welcome guests with style and functionality.

Installing French doors in a home entryway

Creating French doors combines functionality with design, transforming your home with a touch of craftsmanship and care. According to a recent study by the International Casual Furnishings Association, 90% of Americans with outdoor living space have been taking greater advantage of their decks, porches, and patios, and consider their outdoor living space more valuable than ever before.1 Well-crafted French doors can provide seamless access to these cherished outdoor spaces.

  1. International Casual Furnishings Association. Outdoor Living Report. 2021.